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Caracteristica şi modul apariţiei litigiilor individuale de muncă Labor litigations are disputes between the employee and the employer that can be settled by direct negotiations between the parties, or with the participation of trade unions in order to establish or change the working conditions and their applications, the conclusion, the modification and the implementation of a collective agreement, on social issues and working conditions. The sources, which determine the occurrence of labor litigations, are different. They arise primarily from the socio-economic changes in the country, following the transition to a market economy, privatization of state property, the cessation of the activity of some enterprises and laying off employees in connection with this.
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Măsuri legislative pentru prevenirea şi combaterea corupţiei Legislative measures for preventing and fighting corruption are a set of actions aimed at the identification and analysis, limiting or excluding generating phenomenon of corruption and those who favor it. The success of prevention have expected effect, if it is based on good knowledge of crime and the difficulties are intended to be solved. The importance of prevention activities should focus on facilitating the creation of such conditions that would cause people to resolve difficulties, contradictions and conflicts within the limits of law. Therefore, the prevention is one of the conditions to ensure the security of the rule of law.
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Elemente integrante ale conceptului de transparenţă administrativă în viziunea autorilor doctrinari The article contains the author’s vision on the characteristics of the concept of administrative transparency, which occupies an extremely important role in the organization and functioning of public administration. Its integral elements are also identified, starting from the essential vectors of a democratic society which tends to efficient governance. Thus, the concept of transparency becomes a priority aspect on the agenda of a more democratic and more efficient model of public administration activity. At present, the concept of transparency corresponds to contemporary principles of public administration and administrative law; it increases the motivation in the decision making process and citizens’ accessibility to administrative documents, develops security means within administrative procedures. It is defined in multiple ways, but it implies the same meanings: transparency is the key element in exercising the right to access to information; it is the key element to control, to check the public administration actions, to make possible institutional accountability through consulting and participation, which have as a positive impact the citizens’ increasing trust in authorities. As the same time, the author argues the idea that the right to access to information and participation in decision making are only two fundamental rights whose exercise is beneficial not only for citizens, but mostly, but also for the public administration, which should change from a controlled and close administration into an open, transparent and accountable one.
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Predarea gramaticii limbii engleze prin comunicare şi în situaţii de comunicare profesionale The English course of lessons is aimed at developing effective written and spoken communication and the right use of the system of punctuation marks. It can be analysed from the viewpoint of pedagogical, psychological, linguistic and methodical sciences. It helps to identify differences and similarities between our mother tongue and a foreign language.
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Apariţia şi evoluţia istorică a organizaţiilor internaţionale The international organization phenomenon marks an important step in the democratization of international life. It constitutes a phenomenon characteristic of the contemporary epoch, which essentially influences the contents and the forms of international policy. At present, the talk is about the creation of a special branch of international public law, and namely the law on international organizations. The idea of international organization is found in various projects whose aim is to ensure peace.
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Impactul e-Guvernării asupra vieţii sociale, politice şi economice a statului E-Government is a form of democracy, a form of respect for the citizens of the state they represent, but also is a social and economic necessity by the beneficial effects it brings, directly and indirectly, to the whole society and economy. The changes involved in the information society can be considered as a new type of inter-human and social relations, and also a new framework for relations between a country’s citizens and their representatives: Government, Parliament, central and local institutions. Public services and government’s data for citizens can be easily used in an electronic format, reducing the costs of resources currently involved in their implementation. But most important, it is that e-government offers quality services easily and quickly, removing the bureaucracy encountered in this type of relationship and moreover, it provides transparency, trust and involvement. The article describes what is and what is by meant e-Governance in Moldova, which the costs and the benefits of the Projects implemented in this area are. It also describes the changes made in recent months by the Center of e-Governance under the Government of the Republic of Moldova.
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Le management des ressources humaines médicales Lucrarea noastră propune noi metode de formare a resurselor umane medicale la locul de muncă prin metodele de identificare a problemelor de sănătate, determinarea priorităţilor, formarea dexterităţilor (de diagnosticare, prescriere a tratamentului, îngrijirea bolnavilor, comportamentul la patul pacienţilor, participarea la brainstorming, grupurile de experţi, luarea deciziilor, relaţiile publice interioare şi exterioare, formarea imaginii unităţii medicale şi a sa proprie, marketingul serviciilor de sănătate şi marketingul social, organizarea ştiinţifică a muncii).
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Practica internaţională în dezvoltarea profesională a funcţionarilor publici Human resources development is a complex process that is addressed both nationally and internationally. In most European Union countries, professional development training is based on the reasoning that, along with the training of young civil servants through basic training, a special role has the requalification of civil servants to provide better professional services in a permanently changing society.
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Criza economică mondială şi repercusiunile acesteia asupra managementului finanţelor publice în Uniunea Europeană The article emphasizes on the situation of public finances in the European Union. The main indicator of the public finances crisis of EU is the increase of the external debts of some EU member-states and the enormous increase of the budget deficit as GDP ratio. This situation raises the question of emphasizing the role of the state in the economic regulation, a concept promoted by J.K.Keynes at the beginning of the XX century. Another issue, which appears in the conditions of the public finances crisis, is that of money value. Real money should have real coverage, presupposing that this coverage may be, for example, gold. In such conditions, the economists appeal more often to the economic doctrines,which dominated the economic thinking in the XVIII-XX centuries. Serious impediments in the economic development are the offshore zones, in which the large capitals of the world are concentrated. The increases of budget deficits and of public debts deepen the public finances crisis. Though radical measures have been taken to diminish them, the budgetary equilibrium does not essentially determine the macroeconomic stability. It is necessary for the state to regulate all economic processes.
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Natura juridică a actului de depunere a jurământului de către unele categorii de demnitari publici Dans cet article l’auteur traite la prestation de serment fait par les dignitaires d’état: le Président, les membres du Cabinet, les membres de la Cour Constitutionnelle et les juges. Un rôle particuliér est consacré a la prestation de serment comme une condition particulière d’apparition des rapports d’exécution de la function - rapports juridiques de travail atypiques. Selon l’auteur, le rapport d’exécution de la function se produit dans des étapes: premièrement par le dépôt de la demande de participation au procédure pour la substitution de la function, et puis par le dépôt du serment qui est le point final dans la génération de rapports d’exécution de la function.
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Conţinutul dreptului la viaţă şi coraportul acestui drept natural cu eutanasia şi dreptul la moarte Protection of the right to life always presented a key goal of a democratic society. The right to life is guaranteed in a number of international documents, which are of special national interest to all states, because some of them still retain the death penalty, and this raises controversial debates in the society, among scholars of medicine, lawyers and the church. The study, attempts to elucidate the content of the right to life, and the ratio of the right to life to the concept of euthanasia and the so-called the right to die. Contemporary controversial discussions that occur in connection with the right to life are entitled to directly co-lecture with euthanasia, not accepted by many countries, and penalizes euthanasia. However, the alleged right to death, is criticized and recognized by lawyers, a substantial proportion of scientists in medicine, the church, and some international institutions like the European Court of Human Rights. In this context, the article in question is intended to clarify the content of the right to life, characteristics of when life begins and uhat is the ratio of the right to life to euthanasia and the right to death.
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Unele reflecţii asupra caracterului imperativ şi obligatoriu al normelor de drept public Nous sommes d`avis que l’élite politique, qui représente les autorités centrales de la République de Moldavie, s`efforce de donner une fausse interprétation aux normes du droit public, y compris des normes constitutionnelles. On manifeste une telle attitude en ignorant constamment les principes fondamentaux du droit qui s’avère extrêmement dangereuse surtout dans ce moment de crise profonde politique, économique et morale que nous traversons. Alors que les députés élus au Parlement n’exerceront plus pour deux ans et demie, leurs attributions constitutionnelles sont d’élire le Président de la République, il faut se demander comment ils interprètent les dispositions de la loi fondamentale. Cette question nous emmène à nous pencher de nouveau vers le caractère impératif et obligatoire de l`exécution des normes du droit public, que nous allons approcher dans cette étude. La construction de l’état de droit, c`est un état régit par le droit, qui ne pourrait s’achever que dans une société ou la loi est à la foi saisie et respectée par ceux qui l`avait etabli et arrêter par ceux qui visent les documents. Nous souhaitons tous de voir atteindre cet objectif inscrit dans l’article 1-er de la Constitution de la République de Moldavie. Néanmoins, il est nécessaire, afin que dans l’état de droit ne demeure qu’une simple déclaration, ou un rêve trop éloigné, mais de voire l’effort de toute la société de comprendre correctement, par le biais de la science juridique, de respecter strictement les normes de droit en vigueur.
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Consideraţii generale privind inspecţia muncii Labour Inspection designates, in a narrow, sense the specialized body of the central public administration, which according to the law, has the corresponding functions to implement control. Labour inspection, in a broad sense, represents the controlon the enforcement of special and general Rules in the field of work relations, secutity and neapth, as well as, the organization of this control, by the bodies which are competent under the law.
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Aspecte generale privind dialogul social Social dialogue is a form of communication, information and collective bargaining between employees or their representatives, on the one hand, and employers or their representatives, on the other hand, with the participation of the State as a mediator and arbitrator to settle problems concerning collective labour relations and their issues in order to harmonise the employers‚ interests with those of employees, starting at the level of units up to national level.
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Rolul şefului statului în asigurarea echilibrului puterilor în stat Dans cet article nous devons relever un des problèmes, qui se trouve en derniere année, au centre des débats doctrines dans le domaine du droit constitutionnel national - le problème d’organisation constitutionnelle du pouvoir, l’établissement des mécanismes qui assurent l’équilibre des pouvoirs dans l’Etat. La réalisation effective du pouvoir de l’Etat dépend des mécanismes de séparation des pouvoirs législatif, exécutif et judiciaire. La présentation classique de la séparation des pouvoirs oppose la séparation stricte des pouvoirs (le régime présidentiel), a la séparation flexible des pouvoirs (le régime parlementaire), mais aujourd’hui il y a une variete de correctifs modernes. Au centre des débats doctrines se trouve le problème de rôle du chef de l’Etat en système des organes étatiques, son rôle du médiateur entre les pouvoirs de l’état.
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Evoluţia reglementărilor cu privire la managementul funcţiei publice şi al funcţionarului public în Republica Moldova The article contains the analysis of the evolution of Regulations that refer to the statute of civil servants in the years of the Republic of Moldova’s independence. So, the stress is put on the characteristics of certain aspects like: the notion of “public position” and “civil servant”, engagement in public positions, probation period, activity appraisal, career development, professional development, civil servant’s accountability, cessation of activity, institutional framework. Some results obtained in the field of civil service reform, as well as some priority actions that follow to be carried out in the nearest future are also reflected.
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Din istoria gândirii despre conducere The development of management science had a complex evolution in time and presented different approaches. The study of literature in the field confirms the existence of two major periods: the prescientific period and the scientific period. A substantial contribution to the knowledge about leadership development in the prescientific period was made by the ancient Greek philosophers: Homer, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Protagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. The scientific period is divided into three sub-periods: the industrial sub-period, the sub-period of analysis and systematization of the results of scientific research in leadership and the information sub-period. The representatives of the scientific period were: W. Wilson, M. Weber, F. Taylor, H. Fayol. A relevant contribution in the development of leadership science in Moldova has been made by the studies of the researchers M. Platon, A. Simboteanu, T. Deliu.
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Repercusiuni ale anexării Basarabiei în 1812 la Imperiul Rus asupra sistemului administrativ autohton The are elucidated in this study effects of Bessarabia annexation to the Russian Empire in 1812 on the local administrative system, which suffered serious changes during the Tsarist occupation, but also in the Soviet period with adverse consequences that are felt far. 2, 3. By the Peace Treaty of May 16 (28), 1812 signed in Bucharest and concluding the Russo-Turkish War of 1806-1812, the territory of Moldova, located between the rivers Dniester and the Prut, was annexed to the Russian Empire. Thus, the historical territory of Moldova and its people was split, which resulted in serious consequences for future state organization structure. The research paper highlights the measures taken gradually by Tsarist authorities to implement the Russian system of administration in Bessarabia, including the periods of provisional administration, administrative autonomy and final consolidation of the Russian administrative system that turned Bessarabia into a Russian province. There are also elucidated controversial actions of the Soviet system of administration established in the districts (rayions) from the left bank of the Dniester River, by creating the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1924, and also in the districts (rayions) from the right bank of the Dniester River, by forming the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 as a result of forced re-annexation of Bessarabia by Soviet Union. The Soviet system of administration had and continues to have serious consequences on the present system of administration of the Republic of Moldova.
