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Perspective ale securităţii naţionale la limita bazinului Mării Negre în contextul geopolitic şi geostrategic al securităţii globale The Black Sea has, for centuries, presented each coastal state with a security perspective carrying different particularities. This sea, located between the Balkan, Crimean and Anatolian peninsulas and the Caucasus, forms the maritime heartland of Eurasia. The transport system of the Danube River, stretching between the Turkish Straits and Germany, and the internal regional waterways of Russia and the Ukraine carry separate strategic significance to the Black Sea.
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Carenţe privind determinarea conţinutului dreptului fundamental al omului la un mediu înconjurător sănătos Fundamental right to a healthy environment is the natural right of human beings to live in a favorable natural environment conducive to his physical and mental development, of ecologically harmless to life and health, while also being designed as a safeguard rights to life and health, because none of these rights is not conceivable without a healthy environment, balanced and prosperous, which places then as a constitutional right with a multifunctional containing.
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Răspunderea juridică a salariatului în cazul neexecutării sau executării necorespunzătoare a obligaţiilor de organizare a securităţii muncii Legal liability embodied in its specific type, is an institution of law, soit is a set of legal rules governing legal relations sanctioning the person who violated the law or ordering it to material damage, moral damage caused, to restore the previous situation of legal norms and subjective rights protected by these rules. Since the conclusion of the individual labor contract, employer must create all the conditions in order to assign all the duties by the employee, and the employee, in turn, must respect work discipline strictly. Given aspect of the conduct of labor relations is one of particular importance, dictated, in particular, that can touch the supreme values of society - life and health. Legal liability of the employee is properly regulated (corresponding adjective implies the possibility of application to the offender a sanction and to impose the damages, after completing a legal and equitable investigation procedure) at all levels of manifestation of coercion: criminal, administrative, material, civil, disciplinary.
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Autonomia locală – principiu de organizare şi funcţionare a administraţiei publice locale în Republica Moldova Local autonomy is the fundamental principle which underpins the development of local public administration. It is an element of „democratic principles common to all Member States of the Council of Europe” by regulating its legal and practical application makes it possible to decentralize power. Local autonomy makes possible to establish a distinct status of local and their governing bodies in relation to central government.
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Основные этапы и направления исследований политической идентичности The paper investigates the actual question of political theory and practice - the process of forming a political identity. Political identity is treated as an object of interdisciplinary research, marked its components such as the historical, religious, linguistic and socio-cultural.
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Eficientizarea managementului serviciilor publice desconcentrate în Republica Moldova Local public services can be classified as decentralized, deconcentrated and delegated. Deconcentrated public services are organizational units of central public authorities within the territories of the country. In the Republic of Moldova, these services are subordinated to the Government, while the State Chancellery is responsible for their coordination. Since 2003, there is a negative trend in the number of deconcentrated public services, territorial units and staff in Moldova. Also, their quality and accessibility for citizens is not high. Moreover, there is no clear distinction between different categories of local public services in the national administrative legislation and practice. The National Decentralization Strategy for 2012–2015 is expected to resolve these problems.
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Schimbarea de paradigmă teoretică a extinderii Uniunii Europene There exist varying goals and different emphases throughout the EU enlargement process. Enlargement has been seen as a positive political obligation, not only for the EU but also for candidate countries, which assume that EU membership will bring more prosperity. However, such a statement may not be as valid for some states as it seemed only a few years ago. The article is looking answer to a question whether all the canons and requirements for the candidate states can be the same as they were before the Lisbon Treaty. The balance in competences between member states and the EU is changing. The European crisis and the formation of a ‘new Europe’ that may be more fragmented on the basis of belonging to the euro zone, Schengen area and other regional arrangements and finally the changes in global political agendas are influencing the enlargement processes. Article elaborates on the different problems the states like Bulgaria, Rumania or Balkans had in their accession process expected by different stakeholders.
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Aspecte ale securităţii datelor în spaţiul virtual This article addresses the subject of the extent of the dangers of the virtual environment and ways to prevent them in the EU Council through the EU Cyber Security Sttrategy. Various methods of secure data management and user accountsare proposed, and formulated requirements for creating secure passwords; introduction to the notion of password generating programs and passwords to access accounts, which can solve problems of data security in cyberspace.
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Există sau nu deosebire între conceptele „muncă” şi „forţă de muncă,” „piaţa muncii” şi „piaţa forţei de muncă”? The purpose of this article is the highlighting of the difference between the economic categories „work” and „workforce;” „wares” and wares-workforce.” Here are examined the unity and distinction of this categories and „exchange value” of the wares-workforce; „needed work” and „extrawork”; content and peculiarities of labor market.
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Реклама: сущность и особенности в Республике Молдова Based on the previous experience of the publicity in the small business activity studied in Republic of Moldova. This article proposes some directions of improvement this process in our country.
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Abordări conceptuale în clasificarea turismului din Republica Moldova The tourism in the contemporary world presents itself under different forms, categories, types, organizational way, etc., being based on different relations and phenomena, fact that determines the necessity of a certain classification or alignment depending on the specificity, motivation, and purpose. The classification of tourism is important from theoretical and practical point of view, because it offers elements scientifically backed up concerning the analysis of the tourist circulation at international level. The essence of tourism resides in the possibility to travel, to know, to recover, to relax and have a rest. In most of cases the tourists, when planning their travel and in the process of selecting the tourist destination, have to answer the question: what is the purpose of the travel, and the countries that receive tourists need to have the possibility to monitor the tourism flow. This article, in our opinion, makes clear how the tourism is structured through the conceptual approaches used in the classification of the local tourism.
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Noua metodologie de finanţare a autorităţilor publice locale - pilon al autonomiei locale şi al descentralizării financiare In this article is researched the process of elaboration of local government budget in terms of autonomy and fiscal decentralization. The new funding formula of territorial administrative units increase the stimulus to supplement their incomes and improve services. The motivation is supported by indicators underlying the calculation of financial balance transfers, namely: per capita fiscal capacity, area and population of that territory- all of these indicators are calculated in comparison to national indicators.
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Pedepsele penale aplicate funcţionarilor publici şi demnitarilor pentru actele de corupţie şi ale celor conexe lor prevăzute de capitolul al XV-lea din Codul penal al Republicii Moldova This article in based on the study of criminal penalties imposed on civil servants and officials from the Republic of Moldova for crimes of corruption and those related to them. However, this study shows the limits of criminal penalties for different acts of corruption and those related to them. At the same time, are identified the categorized crimes as acts of corruption or those related to them, as well as the spectrum of people to which the crimes of corruption can be involved. The study is based on how the individualization of criminal penalties regards to be applied to civil servants and officials for crimes of corruption, taking into account the criminal law, decisions and recommendations of the Supreme Court of Justice from the Republic of Moldova.
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Consideraţiuni cu privire la limitele libertăţii de conştiinţă în legislaţia naţională şi în practica CEDO Toute personne a droit à la liberté de pensée, de conscience et de religion. Ce droit implique la liberté de changer de religion ou de conviction, ainsi que la liberté de manifester sa religion ou sa conviction individuellement ou collectivement, en public ou en privé, par le culte, l’enseignement, les pratiques et l’accomplissement des rites. La liberté de manifester sa religion ou sa conviction peut creer des tensions avec autre droits fondamentaux: la liberté d’expression peut porter atteinte au droit au respect de la vie privée, au droit à la liberté de religion, aux droits à l’égalité etc. Ces conflits et tensions sont dans une certaine mesure résolus par les exceptions aux droits, lorsque celles-ci sont nécessaires et proportionnées à la réalisation d’un objectif légitime, comme la protection des droits d’autrui. La nature non absolue de nombreux droits de l’homme s’accompagne implicitement de la notion d’un équilibre entre les droits concurrents, et le maintien d’un certain équilibre. Les tribunaux devront évaluer le caractère proportionné de toute restriction à la liberté de conscience et de religion à la lumière du principe du maintien de l’égalité et de la protection d’autres droits de l’homme comme le respect de la vie privée et la liberté d’expression, l’objectif étant de concilier la protection de la liberté de religion et la protection des droits d’autrui.
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Principii de organizare şi funcţionare eficientă a administraţiei publice The organization and functioning of public administration on principles and criteria of efficiency, through decentralization of decision-making and accountability at the local level of the local authorities is the main goal in any European country.
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Direcţii de modernizare a managementului funcţiei publice şi al funcţionarului public în Republica Moldova In this article is reflected the situation in the Republic of Moldova on the ten areas of administration, which refers to the degree of incorporation of European principles of administration in the civil service management: reform programs, legislation, the central management institution, recruitment system, protection system, top civil service, performance management, remuneration system, training system, integrity management, and concrete recommendations on the modernization of the current system of public position and civil servant management in each area.
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Государственная служба в Европейском союзе и перспективы её развития в Республике Молдова Becoming a public service in the EU has accelerated its development in connection with the adoption of the White Charter of administrative reform in 2000. Charter has become a platform for the determination of the principles and norms of the public service , not only in the institutions of the European Union , as well as for the countries sharing the values of the European Union. The countries forming their own civil service , based on the principles of the European Union and the Republic of Moldova refers , as evidenced by the adoption of laws and regulations aimed at improving the quality of public functions by setting higher standards for business , professional and moral qualities of the civil servant.
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Sistemul electoral – parte componentă a sistemului politic The population of any country, including the Republic of Moldova, is in the right to choose the electoral system it wishes, being firmly convinced that the chosen system will meet the expectations. Unfortunately, a large amount of people, due to both subjective and objective factors dont fully comprehend the importance of one or another electoral system. First of all, in a democratic country, it is ment to keep the peoples sovereignty, giving it the lead role in this process to the electoral staff , through elections. Secondly, only through the electoral system, that basicly is a entirety of rules, methods and processes, it is assured that the legitimate establishment of teh representative state authorities of the political power, starting with the central ones and finishing with the local level. In the third place , it is known the fact that the electoral system becomes the main element in forming the political system of the society, presented by all institutions, groups and social classes through the parties, of the alliances and the sociopolitical movements.
